1) Isigaba sokuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti
Ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti ukulingisa ngokuzenzekelayo isenzakalo sokugqwala endaweni yemvelo ukuze kuhlolwe ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto noma imikhiqizo.Ngokwezimo ezihlukene zokuhlola, ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti kuhlukaniswe ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezine: ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti esingathathi hlangothi, ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti esine-asidi, i-ion yethusi esheshisiwe yokuhlola isifutho sikasawoti kanye nokuhlola isifutho sikasawoti esishintshayo.
1.I-Neutral Salt Spray Test (NSS) iyindlela yokuqala yokuhlola ukugqwala esheshisiwe esetshenziswa kakhulu.Ukuhlolwa kusebenzisa isixazululo se-saline ye-sodium chloride engu-5%, inani le-PH lilungiswa ebangeni elingathathi hlangothi (6-7), izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lingu-35 ℃, imfuneko yesilinganiso sokuhlala kwesifutho sikasawoti phakathi kuka-1-2ml/80cm2.h.
2.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Acid Salt Spray Test (ASS) kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti esingathathi hlangothi.Ukuhlolwa kwengeza i-glacial acetic acid ku-5% yesisombululo se-sodium chloride, esinciphisa inani le-pH lesixazululo lifinyelele cishe ku-3. Isixazululo siba ne-asidi, futhi isifutho sikasawoti esakhiwe ekugcineni sibuye sibe ne-acidic kusuka ku-neutral salt spray.Izinga lokugqwala kwalo cishe liphindwe kathathu kunelokuhlolwa kwe-NSS.
3.I-Copper ion accelerated salt spray test (CASS) ukuhlolwa kokugqwala kokugqwala kwesifutho sikasawoti esisheshayo.Izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lingu-50 ℃, kanye nenani elincane likasawoti wethusi - i-chloride yethusi yengezwa kwisixazululo sikasawoti, esidala ukugqwala kakhulu, futhi izinga lokugqwala kwalo cishe liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-8 kunelokuhlolwa kwe-NSS.
4.Ukuhlola isifutho sikasawoti ngokushintshana kuwukuhlola okuphelele kwesifutho sikasawoti, empeleni okuwukushintshaniswa kokuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti esingathathi hlangothi, ukuhlolwa kokushisa okumanzi nokunye ukuhlola.Ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa wonke umkhiqizo wohlobo lwesigxobo, ngokungena kwendawo enomswakama, ukuze ukugqwala kwesifutho sikasawoti kungakhiqizi nje kuphela ebusweni bomkhiqizo, kodwa nangaphakathi komkhiqizo.Iwumkhiqizo osesifuthoni sikasawoti, ukushisa okumswakama nezinye izimo zemvelo ezishintshanisa ukuguqulwa, futhi ekugcineni uhlole izici zikagesi nezemishini zomkhiqizo wonke ngezinguquko noma ngaphandle kwezinguquko.
Okungenhla yisingeniso esiningiliziwe sezigaba ezine zokuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti kanye nezici zakhona.Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, indlela efanele yokuhlola isifutho sikasawoti kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngezimpawu zomkhiqizo kanye nenjongo yokuhlolwa.
Ithebula 1 ngokubhekiselwe ku-GB/T10125-2021 “Ukuhlolwa kwe-Artificial atmosphere corrosion Test Ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti” nezinto ezihlobene nalo kunikeza ukuqhathanisa kokuhlolwa okune kwesifutho sikasawoti.
Ithebula 1 Uhlu lokuqhathanisa lwezivivinyo ezine zesifutho sikasawoti
| Indlela yokuhlola | I-NSS | I-ASS | I-CASS | Ukuhlola isifutho sikasawoti esishintshanayo |
| Izinga lokushisa | 35°C±2°℃ | 35°C±2°℃ | 50°C±2°℃ | 35°C±2°℃ |
| Isilinganiso sokumisa esimaphakathi sendawo evundlile engu-80㎡ | 1.5mL/h±0.5mL/h | |||
| Ukugxila kwesixazululo se-NaCl | 50g/L±5g/L | |||
| PH inani | 6.5-7.2 | 3.1-3.3 | 3.1-3.3 | 6.5-7.2 |
| Ububanzi besicelo | Izinsimbi nama-alloys, izembozo zensimbi, amafilimu okuguqula, amafilimu e-anodic oxide, izembozo zezinto eziphilayo kuma-substrates ensimbi. | I-Copper + Nickel + Chromium noma i-Nickel + i-Chromium yokuhlobisa, ama-anodic oxide coatings kanye nesembozo se-organic ku-aluminium | I-Copper + Nickel + Chromium noma i-Nickel + i-Chromium yokuhlobisa, ama-anodic oxide coatings kanye nesembozo se-organic ku-aluminium | Izinsimbi nama-alloys, izembozo zensimbi, amafilimu okuguqula, amafilimu e-anodic oxide, izembozo zezinto eziphilayo kuma-substrates ensimbi. |
2) Isahlulelo sokuhlola isifutho sikasawoti
Ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ukugqwala, esetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto endaweni yesifutho sikasawoti.Imiphumela yendlela yokunquma ihlanganisa indlela yokunquma ukulinganisa, indlela yokunquma isisindo, indlela yokunquma ukubukeka kwempahla ebolayo kanye nendlela yokuhlaziya izibalo zedatha yokugqwala.
1. Indlela yokwahlulela yokulinganisa iwukuqhathanisa isilinganiso sendawo yokugqwala nendawo ephelele, isampula ihlukaniswa ngamaleveli ahlukene, ngezinga elithile njengesisekelo sokwahlulela okufanelekayo.Le ndlela iyasebenza ekuhlolweni kwamasampuli ayisicaba, futhi ingabonisa ngokubukeka izinga lokugqwala kwesampula.
2. Indlela yokwahlulela yokukala iwukuba ngesisindo sesampula ngaphambi nangemuva kokuhlolwa kokugqwala kwesisindo, bala isisindo sokulahlekelwa ukugqwala, ukuze wahlulele izinga lokumelana nokugqwala kwesampula.Le ndlela ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi, ingahlola ngokwesilinganiso izinga lokugqwala kwesampula.
3. Indlela yokunquma ukubukeka okubolayo iyindlela yokunquma ikhwalithi, ngokubheka amasampula okuhlola ukugqwala kwesifutho sikasawoti ukuthi akhiqiza isenzakalo sokugqwala ukuze kunqunywe.Le ndlela ilula futhi inembile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi kumazinga womkhiqizo.
4. Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo kwedatha yokugqwala kunikeza indlela yokuklama ukuhlolwa kokugqwala, ukuhlaziya idatha yokugqwala nokuthola izinga lokuqiniseka ledatha yokugqwala.Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlaziya, ukugqwala kwezibalo, kunokuba kusetshenziswe ngokukhethekile ukunqunywa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo othile.Le ndlela ingacubungula futhi ihlaziye inani elikhulu ledatha yokugqwala ukuze ithole iziphetho ezinembile nezithembekile.
Kafushane, izindlela zokunquma zokuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti zinezici zazo kanye nobubanzi bokusetshenziswa, futhi indlela efanele kufanele ikhethwe ukuze kunqunywe ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezithile.Lezi zindlela zinikeza isisekelo esibalulekile nezindlela zokuhlola ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-01-2024